Skimming and Scanning

THE DEATH OF THE ENCYCLOPEDIA

Making an encyclopedia used to be a big job. First, a company used surveys to find out about new topics in different fields. Then, the company hired experts to write articles about the topics. The experts defined new ideas and terms and explained their topics. Editors read the pieces and made changes to the text. The pieces were put together in many volumes. Finally, salespeople went from house to sell the encyclopedia.

The company paid for everything, so all the writing in the encyclopedia was the company's property.

Then, in 2001, Wikipedia caused a major shift. Wikipedia doesn't depend on sales. It asks people to give money, and those contributions pay for everything. Instead of experts, Wikipedia allows the users to write about anything. Instead of editors, the users correct any mistakes they see. The encyclopedia company uses the law to protect its texts; Wikipedia gives everyone the legal right to copy its texts. The debate today is whether the changes caused by Wikipedia are good for society or not. Most people are happy to use Wikipedia for free. But are they aware that many people have lost paid work because of this? 

Wikipedia caused many encyclopedia companies to go out of business. Is this a good thing? Wikipedia has caused a big change in one industry.
Will a similiar process change others?

DIFFICULT V0CABULARIES OF THE TEXT

"DEATH OF ENCYCLOPEDIA" AND FIND THE MEANING

⧫  Pieces  ⭆  potongan

⧫  Experts  ⭆  ahli

⧫  Mistakes  ⭆  kesalahan
⧫  Salespeople  ⭆  tenaga penjualan
⧫  Companies  ⭆  perusahaan
⧫  Aware  ⭆  sadar
⧫  Paid  ⭆  dibayar
⧫  Fields  ⭆  bidang
⧫  Most  ⭆  paling
⧫  Terms  ⭆  ketentuan
⧫  Similar  ⭆  serupa
⧫  Correct  ⭆  benar
⧫  Law  ⭆  hukum

FIND THE PART OF SPEECH OF EVERY WORDS IN THE TEXT 

➧ Noun 
   > text
   > law
   > copy
   > sales
   > mistakes
   > ideas
   > people
   > company
   > fields
   > property
   > business
   > job
   > survey
   > encyclopedia
   > money
   > making
   > house
   > editors
   > changes
   > industry
   > process
   > debate
   > experts
   > thing

➧ Verb 
    > put
    > pay
    > find
    > went
    > be
    > work
    > see
    > asks
    > write
    > sell
    > making
    > uses
    > depend
    > give
    > go
    > read

➧ Adverb
   > finally
   > most
   > out
   > together
   > out
   > about
   > then 

➧ Adjective
   > new
   > first
   > happy
   > lost
   > big
   > free
   > made
   > similar
   > others
   > legal
   > many
   > paid
   > right
   > aware

SKIMMING AND SCANNING RESUME

  
   SKIMMING : 
Skimming is a reading technique that can help you to read more quickiy and decideif the text is interesting and whether you should read it in more detail. 
skimming is a fast reading technique. use it to obtain the gist of a piece of text.
 
skimming can be used for : 
- quickly identify main ideas of a text
- skimming is 3 to 4 times faster regular reading
- used when there is a lot of material and a short mount of time

➤ How to skim
- read the first and last paragraph
- read headings, subheadings, titles, subtitles, and illustrations
- read the first sentence of every paragraph
- skimming works well with dates, names and places
- don't read every word or every sentence. 


   SCANNING :  
 Scanning is a fast reading technique. it's a way of reading to look for specific information in a text. Scanning can be used to read through the ads in a newspaper, or for browsing TV schedules, timetables, lists, catalogues or web pages for information. For these tasks you don't need to read or understand every word.

➤ How to scan
- don't try to read every word. instead let your eyes move quickly   across the page until you find what you are looking for.
- first look at how the author organizes his information
- look for bold faces, italics, or different sized fonts
- the author may also put key information in the margins of pages.